Organization
What Is NASA?
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautical research, and space research.
NASA stands for National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the United States government agency responsible for the space program and space exploration. NASA institution was founded in 1958 and is located in Washington D.C.
NASA's main goal is to conduct research and technology development in the field of space and aeronautics. Some of the most famous and important space missions undertaken by NASA include:
The Apollo program, which allowed humans to land on the moon.
The Space Shuttle program, which was launched to carry out space exploration missions and build the International Space Station (ISS).
Mars Program, which aims to study the planet Mars and look for signs of life there.
The Hubble Space Telescope program, which produces spectacular images of stars and galaxies.
Apart from that, NASA also conducts various research and experiments in the field of science and technology, such as research on the earth's environment, climate change, and opportunities for the use of new and renewable energy.
In carrying out its program, NASA cooperates with other institutions and organizations in the United States and in other countries. NASA also has a critical role to play in advancing technology and innovation, and inspiring and motivating young people to pursue careers in science and technology.
History of the Founding of NASA
NASA was founded on July 26, 1958 or 61 years ago. At first the Soviet Union launched the satellite Sputnik I on October 4, 1957, followed by Sputnik II the following month. The launch of this satellite greatly surprised America and made Uncle Sam's country anxious if the Soviets sent missiles into American territory.
With all its ambitions, the United States does not want to bear the shame on the world stage. As reported on the History page, in 1958 a congress was formed in the United States which aimed to form a special agency dealing with extraterrestrial events. This agency was later named NASA, which is currently the best space agency owned by the United States.
NASA's First Mission
As written on the NASA page, that in 1959 NASA carried out its first mission called Project Mercury or the Mercury Project. This mission was carried out for several years and succeeded in flying humans into space, competing with the Soviet Union at that time.
After the success of Mercury, NASA re-published a new mission called Gemini. The Gemini mission is a mission that is used as the foundation or forerunner of the Apollo mission which successfully landed humans on the moon for the first time.
After experiencing several failures, finally on July 20, 1969 NASA successfully landed the first humans to the moon via Apollo 11. Neil Armstrong was the first astronaut to set foot on the moon, followed 19 minutes later by Buzz Aldrin.
As reported on the NASA website, there were three crew members on the Apollo 11 mission, but only Neil Armstrong and Adwin E. Aldrin Jr. (Buzz Aldrin) stepped onto the lunar surface, while Michael Collins was in charge of driving the main plane around the moon while waiting. both counterparts are on the surface of the moon.
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What are the tasks of NASA?
Since 2011, NASA has strategic objectives:
Expanding and sustaining human activity throughout the Solar System.
Expand scientific understanding of Earth and the universe.
Creating new technological space innovations.
Leading aeronautical research.
NASA profile
NASA Formed July 29, 1958; 64 years ago Agency formerly the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (1915–1958)
Type Space agency Aeronautical research agency United States Federal Government jurisdiction
Washington DC Headquarters. 38°52′59″N 77°0′59″E
NASA's motto is For the Good of All
Administrator Bill Nelson Deputy Administrator Pamela Melroy
Main spaceport John F. Kennedy Space CenterCape Canaveral Space Force Station
Vandenberg Space Force Base United States Owners 17,952 employees (2022 .)
Nasa Central Office is located at Address: 2101 NASA Road 1, Houston, TX 77058, United States, Telephone: (281) 483-0123.
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NASA developments
In 2005, the US Congress mandated NASA to achieve a special search completion level by 2020 to find, catalog, and characterize hazardous asteroids larger than 140 meters (460 feet) (Act of 2005, H.R. 1022;109th), but did not new funds were allocated for this effort.
As of January 2019, it is estimated that around 40% of NEOs of this size have been found, although due to the nature of the exact number of NEOs not known, calculations are based on predictions of how many there may be. One problem with NEO predictions is trying to estimate how many more might be found. In 2000, NASA reduced the estimated number of near-Earth asteroids larger than one kilometer in diameter from 1,000–2,000 to 500–1,000. Shortly thereafter, the LINEAR survey provided an alternative estimate of 1.227+170 90.
In 2011, based on NEOWISE observations, the estimated number of one kilometer NEA narrowed down to 981±19 (of which 93% had been found at that time), while the number of NEA greater than 140 meters was estimated at 13,200 ± 1,900. The NEOWISE estimate differs from other estimates in assuming a slightly lower average asteroid albedo, which results in a larger estimate of the diameter for the same asteroid brightness.
This resulted in the then-recognized 911 asteroids that were at least 1 km wide, in contrast to the 830 later listed by CNEOS. In 2017, using improved statistical methods, two studies reduced the estimated number of NEA brighter than an absolute magnitude of 17.75 (approximately more than one kilometer in diameter) to 921±20.
The estimate for the number of asteroids brighter than absolute magnitude 22.0 (about just over 140 m) rises to 27,100±2,200, double the WISE estimate, of which about a third were known in 2018. The problem with estimating the number of NEOs is that detection is affected by a number of factor.
NASA revived the WISE infrared space survey telescope in 2013 to search for NEOs, and found several during its operation. NEOcam competes in the highly competitive Discovery program, which was made even more so by the low mission rate of the 2010s.
NASA is currently busy with an exploration mission to Mars. As reported by Space, NASA has the ambition to send the first humans to Mars, of course this is a very big and risky ambition considering that landing on Mars will be much more difficult than landing on the moon.
Currently, NASA has sent advanced equipment to the red planet several times, including reconnaissance robots. This 2-ton robot will become a data collection tool that NASA scientists really need.
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NASA Reneweble Energy Program
NASA's efforts to generate and use renewable energy sources include the ability to form and collaborate in effective public-private sector partnerships. similarly in John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) where NASA and Florida Power & Light (FPL) are located work together to provide the American space program and the residents of Florida with new resources of "green power." In June 2008, NASA and the state's largest power company owed a agreement that will see FPL build a 900-kilowatt photovoltaic solar power facility at Kennedy for the need to support the power center. It will also help NASA meet its intended use of electricity generated from renewable energy.
KSC's dedicated system is expected to generate around 1.7 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year. This translates to a reduction of nearly 1,300 tonnes of carbon dioxide, nearly four tons of sulfur dioxide and two tons of nitrogen oxides over the life of the project. This amount is equivalent to removing 222 cars from the road per year or saving 2,827 barrels of oil - or 137,973 gallons of gasoline, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight directly into electricity without consuming fuel or water or generating any waste. The KSC facility will provide opportunities for NASA engineers and technicians to gain experience in energy production. It can also serve as a test bed for solar technology that can be used on the surface of the moon and other planetary bodies. Ground breaking is anticipated in June-July 2009 and NASA is anticipating construction completed in November 2009.
The agreement with FPL will also allow the utility to lease 60 of KSC's approximately 140,000 acres for 10 megawatts of solar photovoltaic power. generation system. The agreement is part of a new initiative to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and improve the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The larger solar plant at KSC will be known as the Space Coast facility, which will generate nearly 2 billion kilowatt hours annually - enough energy to service about 3,000 homes.
This facility will be constructed and maintained by FPL, in anticipation of a breakthrough by June-July 2009 and takes about 12-14 months to complete. The company raised the factory to prevent more than 227,000 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions from entering the atmosphere over the life of the project, which is estimated to be 20-40 years. according to the EPA, this is equivalent to eliminating the emissions of about 2,400 cars per year.
KSC has also partnered with FPL on other projects. This includes the Utility Energy Services Contract (UESC) project. The last one is implemented by FPL to save KSC energy costs of more than $2.6 million per year.
